Food Carbon Footprint

Source Notebook

Greenhouse gas emissions during production of common foods

Details

This dataset contains greenhouse gas emissions data for the production and processing of more than 500 foods.
To capture all greenhouse gas emissions, researchers express the measured results as carbon dioxide equivalents (CO₂e). In addition to carbon dioxide (CO₂), greenhouse gases included in CO₂e results are methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, sulphur hexafluoride and nitrogen trifluoride.
CO₂e are calculated by multiplying the amount of a greenhouse gas by its global warming potential (GWP) relative to CO₂. GWP is a measure of how much heat a greenhouse gas traps in the atmosphere over a specific time period, usually 100 years, compared to CO₂.
Each row in the data has three columns: food common name, food entity in Wolfram Language, and CO₂e per kilogram of that food. The data has been compiled from multiple reliable sources, which is why an interval range of CO₂e is given for each food, rather than a single value.

Examples

Basic Examples (3) 

View the tabular data:

In[1]:=
ResourceData["Food Carbon Footprint"]
Out[1]=

Get the foods with the highest carbon footprint:

In[2]:=
TakeLargestBy[ResourceData["Food Carbon Footprint"], #CO2e &, 5]
Out[2]=

Get the foods with the lowest carbon footprint:

In[3]:=
TakeSmallestBy[ResourceData["Food Carbon Footprint"], #CO2e &, 5]
Out[3]=

Visualizations (2) 

Looking at the overall distribution of the data (excluding the highest outliers), a histogram reveals that a large number of foods have an average CO₂e value of less than 2:

In[4]:=
listData = Normal[ResourceData["Food Carbon Footprint"]];
sortedData = SortBy[listData, Mean[#[["CO2e"]]] &];
co2eValues = sortedData[[All, "CO2e"]];
intervalMeans = Mean[First[#]] & /@ co2eValues // N;
Histogram[intervalMeans, Sequence[
 PlotLabel -> "Distribution of Carbon Dioxide Equivalents (CO2e)", Ticks -> {
Range[0, 20, 2], 
Range[0, 280, 40]}, ChartStyle -> ColorData["HTML", "LightSeaGreen"]]]
Out[8]=

Plot the average greenhouse gas emissions for all foods in the data:

In[9]:=
names = Map[#["Name"] &, sortedData];
meanPairs = Transpose[{intervalMeans, names}];
sortedPairs = SortBy[meanPairs, First];
sortedAssociations = <|"Name" -> #2, "SortedMeanCO2e" -> #1|> & @@@ sortedPairs;
sortedMeans = Map[#["SortedMeanCO2e"] &, sortedAssociations];
sortedNames = Map[#["Name"] &, sortedAssociations];
labeledData = MapThread[Callout[#1, #2] &, {sortedMeans, sortedNames}];
ListPlot[
     labeledData,
     Sequence[
 PlotLabel -> "Average Greenhouse Gas Emissions per Kilogram of Food",
   PlotRange -> All, AxesLabel -> {"", "kg CO2e/kg"}, Axes -> {False, True}, ImageSize -> 600]
 ]
Out[16]=

Wolfram Research, "Food Carbon Footprint" from the Wolfram Data Repository (2025)  

Data Resource History

Source Metadata

See Also

Publisher Information